| Panaeolus cinctulus | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Psathyrellaceae |
| Genus: | Panaeolus |
| Species: | P. cinctulus |
| Binomial name | |
| Panaeolus cinctulus (Bolton) Saccardo (1887) |
|
| Approximate Panaeolus cinctulus range | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Agaricus cinctulus Bolton (1791) |
|
| Panaeolus cinctulus | |
|---|---|
| Mycological characteristics | |
| gills on hymenium | |
|
cap is campanulate or convex |
|
|
hymenium is adnate or adnexed |
|
| stipe is bare | |
| spore print is black | |
| ecology is saprotrophic | |
| edibility: psychoactive | |
Panaeolus cinctulus, commonly known as the banded mottlegill, is a very common, widely-distributed psilocybin mushroom. According to David Arora, Panaeolus cinctulus is the most common psilocybin mushroom in California.
Some common names include "weed Panaeolus," "girdled Panaeolus," "banded mottlegill" and "red caps." Its name was recently changed from panaeolus subbalteatus.
During the early part of the 20th century this species was often referred to as the "weed Panaeolus" because it was a common occurrence in beds of the commercially grown grocery store mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Because of its intoxicating properties the mushroom farmers had to weed it out from the edible mushrooms.[2]
Although not specifically scheduled in the United States, psilocybin containing mushrooms are considered "containers" of a scheduled substance, and their usage and possession is illegal in most states.
Contents |
Panaeolus cinctulus is a cosmopolitan species that grows solitary to gregarious to cespitose on compost piles, well-fertilized lawns and gardens, and rarely directly on horse dung.[3] Spring - Fall . It grows abundantly after rain. It can be found in countries including Africa[4] (South Africa),[4] Austria,[5][4] Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Quebec)[4] Denmark,[5] Finland,[6] France,[4] Germany,[5][4] Great Britain,[4] Guadeloupe,[5] Iceland,[4] India,[4] Ireland,[4] Italy,[4] Japan[4] Mexico,[6] New Guinea,[4] New Zealand,[4] Norway,[5] Philippines,[4] Russia,[4] Slovenia,[5] South America[4] (Argentina, Chile, Brazil, )[4] the United states (it is common in Oregon, Alaska, Washington, and both Northern and Southern California, but is also known to occur in all 50 states).
It has also been sighted in Melbourne, Australia and Belgium.[7]